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<h1 class="article_title">Socket緗戠粶緙栫▼甯哥敤鐨勭粨鏋勫強鍑芥暟灝忕粨</h1>
<div class="article_author">娣誨姞鏃墮棿錛?016-12-20 17:37:26 鏂囩珷浣滆�咃細<a href="/">嫻庡崡杞歡寮�鍙?/a> 嫻忚嬈℃暟錛?Script Language="Javascript" Src="/item/GetHits.asp?Action=Count&GetFlag=0&m=1&ID=3091"></Script></div>
<div class="article_main"><div id="MyContent"><p>IP鍦板潃鐨勪綔鐢ㄦ槸鏍囩ず璁＄畻鏈虹殑緗戝崱鍦板潃錛屾瘡鍙拌綆楁満閮芥湁涓�涓狪P鍦板潃錛涚鍙ｏ紝鏄寚璁＄畻鏈轟腑涓轟簡鏍囩ず鍦ㄨ綆楁満涓闂綉緇滅殑涓嶅悓紼嬪簭鑰岃鐨勭紪鍙鳳紝騫朵笉鏄綉鍗℃帴綰跨殑绔彛錛岃�屾槸涓嶅悓紼嬪簭鐨勯�昏緫緙栧彿錛屽茍涓嶆槸瀹為檯瀛樺湪鐨勶紱鍩熷悕錛屾槸鐢ㄦ潵浠ｆ浛IP鍦板潃鏉ユ爣紺鴻綆楁満鐨勪竴縐嶇洿瑙傚悕縐幫紝渚嬪鐧懼害緗戠珯鐨処P鍦板潃鏄?02.108.22.43錛岃繖涓狪P鍦板潃娌℃湁浠諱綍閫昏緫鍚箟錛屼笉渚胯蹇嗭紝鑰寃ww.baidu.com鏄竴涓究浜庤蹇嗙殑鍚嶇О錛岀敤浜庝唬鏇胯繖涓狪P鍦板潃錛涘鎺ュ瓧鐨勬湰鎰忔槸鎻掑駭錛屽湪緗戠粶涓敤鏉ユ弿榪拌綆楁満涓笉鍚岀▼搴忎笌鍏朵粬璁＄畻鏈虹▼搴忕殑閫氫俊鏂瑰紡銆?/p><p><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">銆�銆�甯哥敤鐨勫鎺ュ瓧綾誨瀷鏈?縐嶏細</strong></p><p>銆�銆�錛?錛夋祦濂楁帴瀛楋紙SOCK鈥斺�擲TREAM錛夛細浣跨敤浜嗛潰鍚戣繛鎺ョ殑鍙潬鐨勬暟鎹�氫俊鏂瑰紡錛屽嵆TCP鍗忚錛?/p><p>銆�銆�錛?錛夋暟鎹姤濂楁帴瀛楋紙Raw Sockets錛夛細浣跨敤浜嗕笉闈㈠悜榪炴帴鐨勬暟鎹紶杈撴柟寮忥紝鍗砋DP錛?/p><p>銆�銆�錛?錛夊師濮嬪鎺ュ瓧錛圫OCK鈥斺�擱AW錛夛細娌℃湁緇忚繃澶勭悊鐨処P鏁版嵁鍖咃紝鍙互鏍規嵁鑷繁紼嬪簭鐨勮姹傝繘琛屽皝瑁呫�?/p><p>銆�銆�緗戠粶鍗忚鏄寚涓嶅悓鐨勮綆楁満銆佷笉鍚岀殑鎿嶄綔緋葷粺鍦ㄨ繘琛岀綉緇滈�氫俊鏃剁殑緇熶竴綰﹀畾銆傜綉緇滄湇鍔℃寚鐨勬槸緗戠粶涓婄殑璁＄畻鏈洪�氳繃榪愯紼嬪簭涓哄叾浠栫殑璁＄畻鏈烘彁渚涗俊鎭垨榪愮畻鐨勫姛鑳姐�?/p><p> 濂楁帴瀛楃浉鍏崇殑鏁版嵁綾誨瀷錛歴ockaddr鍜宻ockaddr_in錛泂ockaddr鐢ㄦ潵淇濆瓨涓�涓鎺ュ瓧錛屽畾涔夊涓嬶細</p><p>struct sockaddr</p><p>{</p><p> unsigned short int sa_family; //鎸囧畾閫氫俊鍦板潃綾誨瀷錛屽鏋滄槸TCP/IP閫氫俊錛屽垯鍊間負AF_inet</p><p> char sa_data[14]; //鏈�澶氱敤14涓瓧絎﹂暱搴︼紝鐢ㄦ潵淇濆瓨IP鍦板潃鍜岀鍙ｄ俊鎭?/p><p>};</p><p>銆�銆�sockaddr_in鐨勫姛鑳戒笌socdaddr鐩稿悓錛屼篃鏄敤鏉ヤ繚瀛樹竴涓鎺ュ瓧鐨勪俊鎭紝涓嶅悓鐨勬槸灝咺P鍦板潃涓庣鍙ｅ垎寮�涓轟笉鍚岀殑鎴愬憳錛屽畾涔夊涓嬶細</p><p>struct sockaddr_in</p><p>{</p><p> unsigned short int sin_family; //鎸囧畾閫氫俊鍦板潃綾誨瀷</p><p> uint16_t sin_port; //濂楁帴瀛椾嬌鐢ㄧ殑绔彛鍙?/p><p> struct in_addr sin_addr; //闇�瑕佽闂殑IP鍦板潃</p><p> unsigned char sin_zero[8]; //鏈嬌鐢ㄧ殑瀛楁錛屽～鍏呬負0</p><p>};</p><p>銆�銆�鍦ㄨ繖涓�緇撴瀯涓紝in_addr涔熸槸涓�涓粨鏋勪綋錛屽畾涔夊涓嬶紝鐢ㄤ簬淇濆瓨涓�涓狪P鍦板潃錛?/p><p>struct in_addr</p><p>{</p><p> uint32_t s_addt;</p><p>};</p><p>銆�銆�鐢ㄥ煙鍚嶅彇寰椾富鏈虹殑IP鍦板潃錛?/p><p>struct hostent *gethostbyname(const char *name);</p><p>銆�銆�緇撴瀯浣揾ostent鐨勫畾涔夊涓嬶細</p><p>struct hostent</p><p>{</p><p> char *h_name;//姝ｅ紡鐨勪富鏈哄悕縐?/p><p> char **h_aliases;//榪欎釜涓繪満鐨勫埆鍚?/p><p> int h_addrtype;//涓繪満鍚嶇殑綾誨瀷</p><p> int h_length;//鍦板潃鐨勯暱搴?/p><p> char **h_addr_list;//浠庡煙鍚嶆湇鍔″櫒鍙栧緱鐨勪富鏈哄湴鍧�</p><p>}錛?/p><p>銆�銆�鐢↖P鍦板潃榪斿洖鍩熷悕錛?/p><p>struct hostent *gethostbyaddr(const void *addr,socklen_t len,int type);</p><p>銆�銆�鐢卞崗璁悕鍙栫殑鍗忚鏁版嵁錛?/p><p>struct protoent *getprotobyname(char *name);</p><p>銆�銆�緇撴瀯浣損rotoent瀹氫箟濡備笅錛?/p><p>struct protoent</p><p>{</p><p> char *p_name;//鍗忚鐨勫悕縐?/p><p> char **p_aliases;//鍗忚鐨勫埆鍚?/p><p> int p_proto;//鍗忚鐨勫簭鍙?/p><p>}錛?/p><p>銆�銆�鐢卞崗璁紪鍙峰彇寰楀崗璁俊鎭細</p><p>struct protoent *getprotobynumber(int proto);</p><p>銆�銆�鍙栧緱緋葷粺鏀寔鐨勬墍鏈夊崗璁細</p><p>struct protoent *getprotoent(void);</p><p>銆�銆�鍙栧緱緋葷粺鏀寔鐨勭綉緇滄湇鍔★細</p><p>struct servent *getservent(void);</p><p>銆�銆�緇撴瀯浣搒ervent瀹氫箟濡備笅錛?/p><p>struct servent</p><p>{</p><p> char *s_name;//榪欎釜鏈嶅姟鐨勫悕縐?/p><p> char **s_aliases;//榪欎釜鏈嶅姟鍙兘鐨勫埆鍚?/p><p> int s_port;//榪欎釜鏈嶅姟鍙兘鐨勭鍙?/p><p> char *s_proto;//榪欎釜鏈嶅姟鍙兘浣跨敤鐨勫崗璁?/p><p>};</p><p>銆�銆�鐢ㄥ悕縐板彇寰楃郴緇熸墍鏀寔鐨勬湇鍔★細</p><p>struct servent *getservbyname(char *name,char *proto); //name錛氭湇鍔″櫒鍚嶇О錛宲roto鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ墍浣跨敤鐨勫崗璁紱</p><p>銆�銆�鐢辯鍙ｅ彇寰楁湇鍔″悕縐幫細</p><p>struct servent *getservbyport(int port,char *proto)</p><p>//port鏄鍙ｇ殑緙栧彿錛岄渶瑕佹敞鎰忕殑鏄繖涓鍙ｅ彿闇�瑕佺敤htons()鍑芥暟榪涜杞崲錛宲roto琛ㄧず涓�涓崗璁殑瀛楃涓詫紱</p><p>銆�銆�灝嗙綉緇滃湴鍧�杞崲鎴愰暱鏁村瀷錛?/p><p>long inet_addr(char *cp); //cp琛ㄧず涓�涓狪P鍦板潃瀛楃涓詫紱</p><p>銆�銆�灝嗛暱鏁村瀷IP鍦板潃杞崲鎴愮綉緇滃湴鍧�鍗沖ぇ灝忕妯″紡杞崲錛?/p><p>char *inet_ntoa(struct in_addr in);</p><p>銆�銆�灝嗚綆楁満涓殑32浣嶉暱鏁村瀷鏁拌漿鎹㈡垚緗戠粶瀛楃欏哄簭鐨?2浣嶉暱鏁村瀷鏁幫細</p><p>uint32_t htonl(uint32_t hostlong)錛?/p><p>銆�銆�灝嗚綆楁満涓殑16浣嶆暣鍨嬫暟杞崲鎴愮綉緇滃瓧絎﹂『搴忕殑16浣嶆暣鍨嬫暟錛?/p><p>uint16_t htons(uint16_t hostshort)錛?/p><p>銆�銆�灝嗙綉緇滃瓧絎﹂『搴忕殑32浣嶉暱鏁村瀷鏁拌漿鎹㈡垚璁＄畻鏈轟腑鐨?2浣嶉暱鏁村瀷鏁幫細</p><p>uint32_t ntohl(uint32_t netlong)錛?/p><p>銆�銆�灝嗙綉緇滃瓧絎﹂『搴忕殑16浣嶆暣鍨嬫暟杞崲鎴愯綆楁満涓殑16浣嶆暣鍨嬫暟錛?/p><p>uint16_t ntohs(uint16_t netshort)錛?/p><p>銆�銆�herror鍑芥暟鏄劇ず閿欒錛?/p><p>void herror(const char *S); //s鏄竴涓瓧絎︿覆錛屽嚱鏁板厛杈撳嚭榪欎釜瀛楃涓詫紝鐒跺悗杈撳嚭閿欒淇℃伅</p><p>銆�銆�鍒涘緩濂楁帴瀛楀嚱鏁幫細</p><p>int socket(int domain,int type,int protocol);</p><p>//鍙傛暟domain鐢ㄤ簬鎸囧畾鍒涘緩濂楁帴瀛楁墍浣跨敤鐨勫崗璁棌錛堝彲鍙朅F_UNIX,AF_INET,AF_INTE6錛?/p><p>//鍙傛暟type鎸囧畾濂楁帴瀛楃殑綾誨瀷錛堝彲鍙朣OCK_STREAM,SOCK_DGRAM,SOCK_RAW錛?/p><p>//鍙傛暟protocol閫氬父璁劇疆涓?</p><p>銆�銆�鍦ㄦ寚瀹氬鎺ュ瓧涓婂垱寤洪摼鎺ュ嚱鏁幫細</p><p>int connect(int sockfd,const struct sockaddr *serv_addr,socklen_t addrlen);</p><p>//鍙傛暟sockfd鏄竴涓敱鍑芥暟socket鍒涘緩鐨勫鎺ュ瓧</p><p>//鍙傛暟serv_addr鏄竴涓湴鍧�緇撴瀯錛屾寚瀹氭湇鍔″櫒鐨処P鍦板潃鍜岀鍙ｅ彿</p><p>//鍙傛暟addrlen涓哄弬鏁皊erv_addr鐨勯暱搴?/p><p>銆�銆�灝嗕竴涓鎺ュ瓧鍜屾煇涓鍙ｇ粦瀹氬湪涓�璧風殑鍑芥暟錛?/p><p>int bind(int sockfd,struct sockaddr *my_addr,socklen_t addrlen);</p><p>//涓�鑸彧鏈夋湇鍔″櫒绔殑紼嬪簭璋冪敤錛屽弬鏁癿y_addr鎸囧畾浜唖ockfd灝嗙粦瀹氬埌鐨勬湰鍦板湴鍧�錛屽彲浠ュ皢鍙傛暟my_addr鐨剆in_addr璁劇疆涓篒NADDR_ANY鑰屼笉鏄煇涓‘瀹欼P鍦板潃灝卞彲浠ョ粦瀹氬埌浠諱綍緗戠粶鎺ュ彛銆?/p><p>銆�銆�鎶婂鎺ュ瓧杞寲涓鴻鍔ㄧ洃鍚嚱鏁幫細</p><p>int listen(int s,int backlog);</p><p>//鍙傛暟s涓哄鎺ュ瓧錛屽弬鏁癰acklog鎸囧畾閾炬帴璇鋒眰闃熷垪鐨勬渶澶ч暱搴︼紱</p><p>銆�銆�鎺ユ敹榪炴帴璇鋒眰鍑芥暟錛?/p><p>int accept(int s,struct sockaddr *addr,socklen_t *addrlen);</p><p>//鍙傛暟s鏄敱鍑芥暟socket鍒涘緩錛岀粡鍑芥暟bind緇戝畾鍒版湰鍦版煇涓�绔彛涓婏紝鐒跺悗閫氳繃鍑芥暟listen杞寲鑰屾潵鐨勭洃鍚鎺ュ瓧</p><p>//鍙傛暟addr鐢ㄦ潵淇濆瓨鍙戣搗榪炴帴璇鋒眰鐨勪富鏈虹殑鍦板潃鍜岀鍙?/p><p>//鍙傛暟addrlen鏄痑ddr鎵�鎸囧悜鐨勭粨鏋勪綋鐨勫ぇ灝?/p><p>銆�銆�鍦═CP濂楁帴瀛椾笂鍙戦�佹暟鎹嚱鏁幫細</p><p>ssize_t send(int s,const void *msg,size_t len,int flags);</p><p>//鍑芥暟鍙兘瀵瑰浜庤繛鎺ョ姸鎬佺殑濂楁帴瀛椾嬌鐢紝鍙傛暟s涓哄凡寤虹珛濂借繛鎺ョ殑濂楁帴瀛楁弿榪扮錛屽嵆accept鍑芥暟鐨勮繑鍥炲�?/p><p>//鍙傛暟msg鎸囧悜瀛樻斁寰呭彂閫佹暟鎹殑緙撳啿鍖?/p><p>//鍙傛暟len涓哄緟鍙戦�佹暟鎹殑闀垮害錛屽弬鏁癴lags涓烘帶鍒墮�夐」錛屼竴鑸緗負0</p><p>銆�銆�鍦═CP濂楁帴瀛椾笂鎺ユ敹鏁版嵁鍑芥暟錛?/p><p>ssize_t recv(int s,void *buf,size_t len,int flags);</p><p>//鍑芥暟recv浠庡弬鏁皊鎵�鎸囧畾鐨勫鎺ュ瓧鎻忚堪絎︼紙蹇呴』鏄潰鍚戣繛鎺ョ殑濂楁帴瀛楋級涓婃帴鏀舵暟鎹茍淇濆瓨鍒板弬鏁癰uf鎵�鎸囧畾鐨勭紦鍐插尯</p><p>//鍙傛暟len鍒欎負緙撳啿鍖洪暱搴︼紝鍙傛暟flags涓烘帶鍒墮�夐」錛屼竴鑸緗負0</p><p>銆�銆�鍦║CP濂楁帴瀛椾笂鍙戦�佹暟鎹嚱鏁幫細</p><p>ssize_t sendto(int s,const void *msg,size_t len,int flags,const struct sockaddr *to,socklen_t tolen);</p><p>//鍑芥暟鍔熻兘涓庡嚱鏁皊end綾諱技錛屼絾鍑芥暟sendto涓嶉渶瑕佸鎺ュ瓧澶勪簬榪炴帴鐘舵�侊紝鎵�浠ヨ鍑芥暟閫氬父鐢ㄦ潵鍙戦�乁DP鏁版嵁錛屽悓鏃跺洜涓烘槸鏃犺繛鎺ョ殑濂楁帴瀛楋紝鍦ㄤ嬌鐢╯endto鏃墮渶瑕佹寚瀹氭暟鎹殑鐩殑鍦板潃錛屽弬鏁癿sg鎸囧悜寰呭彂閫佹暟鎹殑緙撳啿鍖恒�?/p><p>//鍙傛暟len鎸囧畾浜嗗緟鍙戦�佹暟鎹殑闀垮害</p><p>//鍙傛暟flags鏄帶鍒墮�夐」錛屽惈涔変笌send鍑芥暟涓殑涓�鑷?/p><p>//鍙傛暟to鐢ㄤ簬鎸囧畾鐩殑鍦板潃錛岀洰鐨勫湴鍧�鐨勯暱搴︾敱tolen鎸囧畾</p><p>銆�銆�鍦║DP濂楁帴瀛椾笂鎺ユ敹鏁版嵁鍑芥暟錛?/p><p>ssize_t recvfrom(int s ,void *buf,size_t len,int flags,struct sockaddr *from,socklen_t *fromlen);</p><p>//涓庡嚱鏁皉ecv鍔熻兘綾諱技錛屽彧鏄嚱鏁皉ecv鍙兘鐢ㄤ簬闈㈠悜榪炴帴鐨勫鎺ュ瓧錛岃�屽嚱鏁皉ecvfrom娌℃湁姝ら檺鍒訛紝鍙互鐢ㄤ簬浠庢棤榪炴帴鐨勫鎺ュ瓧涓婃帴鏀舵暟鎹?/p><p>//鍙傛暟buf鎸囧悜鎺ユ敹緙撳啿鍖?/p><p>//鍙傛暟len鎸囧畾浜嗙紦鍐插尯鐨勫ぇ灝?/p><p>//鍙傛暟flags鏄帶鍒墮�夐」錛屽惈涔変笌recv涓殑涓�鑷?/p><p>//濡傛灉鍙傛暟from闈炵┖錛屼笖璇ュ鎺ュ瓧涓嶆槸闈㈠悜榪炴帴鐨勶紝鍒欏嚱鏁皉ecvfrom榪斿洖鏃訛紝鍙傛暟from涓皢淇濆瓨鏁版嵁鐨勬簮鍦板潃</p><p>//鍙傛暟fromlen鍦ㄨ皟鐢╮ecvfrom鍓嶄負鍙傛暟from鐨勯暱搴︼紝璋冪敤recvfrom鍚庡皢淇濆瓨from鐨勫疄闄呭ぇ灝?/p><p>銆�銆�鍏抽棴濂楁帴瀛楀嚱鏁幫細</p><p>int close(int fd);</p><p>//鍙傛暟fd涓轟竴涓鎺ュ瓧鎻忚堪絎︼紱</p><p>銆�銆�鍑芥暟 int shutdown(int s,int how) 鍔熻兘涓巆lose綾諱技錛屼絾鏄痵hutdown鍔熻兘鏇村己澶э紝瀹冨厑璁稿濂楁帴瀛楄繘琛屽崟鍚戝叧闂垨鍏ㄩ儴紱佹錛屽弬鏁皊涓哄緟鍏抽棴鐨勫鎺ュ瓧鎻忚堪絎︼紝鍙傛暟how鎸囧畾浜嗗叧闂殑鏂瑰紡銆傘��銆�</p><p>銆�銆�inet緋誨垪鍑芥暟鐢ㄤ簬緗戠粶鍦板潃鐨勬牸寮忚漿鎹紱鑾峰彇鍜岃緗鎺ュ瓧灞炴�у嚱鏁幫細</p><p>int getsockopt(int s,int level,int optname,void *optval,cocklen_t *optlen);</p><p>int setsockopt(int s,int level,int optname,const void *optval,socklen_t optlen);</p><p>//鍙傛暟s涓轟竴涓鎺ュ瓧</p><p>//鍙傛暟level鏄繘琛屽鎺ュ瓧閫夐」鎿嶄綔鐨勫眰嬈?/p><p>//鍙傛暟optname鏄鎺ュ瓧閫夐」鍚嶇О</p><p>//瀵逛簬鍑芥暟getsockopt錛屽弬鏁皁pval鐢ㄦ潵瀛樻斁鑾峰緱鐨勫鎺ュ瓧閫夐」錛屽弬鏁皁ptlen鍦ㄨ皟鐢ㄥ嚱鏁板墠鍏跺�間負optval鎸囧悜鐨勭┖闂寸殑澶у皬錛岃皟鐢ㄥ畬鍚庡垯鍏跺�間負鍙傛暟optval鎵�淇濆瓨鐨勭粨鏋滅殑瀹為檯澶у皬</p><p>//瀵逛簬鍑芥暟setsockopt錛屽弬鏁皁ptval鏄緟璁劇疆鐨勫鎺ュ瓧閫夐」鐨勫�鹼紝鍙傛暟optlen鏄�夐」鐨勯暱搴?/p><p>銆�銆�澶氳礬澶嶇敤鍑芥暟錛?/p><p>int select(int n,fd_set *readfds,fd_set *writefds,fd_set *exceptfds,struct timeval *timeout);</p><p>//鍙傛暟n鏄渶瑕佺洃瑙嗙殑鏂囦歡鎻忚堪絎︽暟</p><p>//鍙傛暟readfds鎸囧畾闇�瑕佺洃瑙嗙殑鍙鏂囦歡鎻忚堪絎﹂泦鍚?/p><p>//鍙傛暟writefds鎸囧畾闇�瑕佺洃瑙嗙殑鍙啓鏂囦歡鎻忚堪絎﹂泦鍚?/p><p>//鍙傛暟exceptfds鎸囧畾闇�瑕佺洃瑙嗙殑寮傚父鏂囦歡鎻忚堪絎︾殑闆嗗悎</p><p>//鍙傛暟timeout鎸囧畾浜嗛樆濉炵殑鏃墮棿</p><p> 緗戠粶緙栫▼涓湁寰堝鏂扮殑姒傚康鍜屽崗璁紝瑕佸ソ濂界悊瑙ｃ�傝繕鏈変竴浜涚郴緇熷畾涔夌殑鏁版嵁綾誨瀷錛岃浜嗚В榪欎簺鏁版嵁綾誨瀷錛屾柟渚夸嬌鐢ㄣ�傚叾嬈℃槸瑕佹帉鎻′竴浜涘父鐢ㄥ嚱鏁扮殑鍔熻兘鍙婁嬌鐢ㄦ柟娉曪紝緗戠粶緙栫▼鎴戝垰鍒氬紑濮嬫帴瑙︼紝鎰熻璺熷墠闈㈡湁寰堝ぇ鍖哄埆錛屽繀欏昏繘涓�姝ュ涔犳墠鑳芥湁鎵�鎻愰珮銆?/p><p><br/></p></div>
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